Revision der neotropischen Trauermücken – Teil I. Die Gattungen Cratyna WINNERTZ, Euricrium ENDERLEIN, Metangela RÜBSAAMEN, Pseudosciara SCHINER und Sciara MEIGEN (Diptera: Sciaridae).
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21248/contrib.entomol.64.1.135-190Abstract
Die vorliegende Revision umfasst 40 Arten aus den Gattungen Cratyna Winnertz, 1867 [4 Arten], Euricrium Enderlein, 1911 [8 Arten], Metangela Rübsaamen, 1894 [4 Arten], Pseudosciara Schiner, 1866 [21 Arten] und Sciara Meigen, 1803 [3 Arten]. Die Arten werden redeskribiert und abgebildet. 63 Spezies wurden neu kombiniert und 4 Namen als neue Synonyma auf dem Artniveau erkannt: Plastosciara barretoi Lane, 1960 als neues Synonym zu Cratyna boracensis (Lane, 1960); Plastosciara downsi Lane, 1960 als neues Synonym zu Cratyna cucarisi (Lane, 1960), Euricrium fulgescens Enderlein, 1911 als neues Synonym zu Euricrium ruebsaameni (Enderlein, 1911); Pseudosciara aitkeni Lane, 1959 als neues Synonym zu Pseudosciara forceps (Pettey, 1918). Zusätzlich werden 3 synonymisierte Namen restituiert [Metangela spinata Lane, 1955 restit., Pseudosciara ribeiroi (Lane, 1955) restit., Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911 restit.] und 2 präokkupierte Namen wurden ersetzt: Pseudos. willistoni Menzel nom. nov. für Sciara concinna Williston, 1896 [praeocc.] und Pseudos. helleri Menzel nom. nov. für Sciara debilis Williston, 1896 [praeocc.]. Außerdem ergab sich die Notwendigkeit, für Pseudosciara willistoni Menzel nom. nov. einen Lectotypus zu designieren sowie für Pseudosciara muricata (Lengersdorf, 1926), Pseudosciara thoracica (Lengersdorf, 1930) und Metangela bicolorata (Lengersdorf, 1930) Neotypen festzulegen. Für 2 Arten werden die bisher unbekannten Männchen ergänzend beschrieben [Euricrium varians (Lane), Pseudosciara humeropicta (Lengersdorf)]. Die Namen der Gattungsgruppe Zygomma Enderlein, 1911 [praeocc.], Mapiria Edwards, 1934 und Muhabbetiola Koçak, 2009 sind jüngere Synonyme von Euricrium Enderlein, 1911. Die Gattung Pseudosciara Schiner wird in die beiden Subgenera Pseudosciara s. str. und Pseudosciarella subgen. nov. unterteilt. Die Genera Apelmocreagris Enderlein, 1911, Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911 und Trichosia Winnertz, 1867 sind nach dieser Revision in der neotropischen Region nicht vertreten. Diese 3 Namen müssen aus dem Katalog der neotropischen Sciaridae gestrichen werden. Die Gattung Pseudozygoneura Steffan, 1969 ist ebenfalls ein Synonym zu Cratyna Winnertz. Alle 41 von Hippa et al. (1998) beschriebenen Pseudozygoneura-Arten werden deshalb in das Subgenus Cratyna s. str. kombiniert.
Stichwörter
Diptera, Sciaridae, Apelmocreagris, Cratyna, Euricrium, Metangela, Pseudosciara, Sciara, Trichomegalosphys, Neotropical Region, systematics, new subgenus, new synonyms, new combinations, name changes, designation of types.
Nomenklatorische Handlungen
acuminata (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura acuminata Hippa et al., 1998
aimoresi (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara aimoresi Lane, 1960
aurora (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura aurora Hippa et al., 1998
boracensis (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara boracensis Lane, 1960
brevimera (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura brevimera Hippa et al., 1998
brevispina (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura brevispina Hippa et al., 1998
caraosi (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara caraosi Lane, 1960
clavigera (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura clavigera Hippa et al., 1998
clavula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura clavula Hippa et al., 1998
clinostyla (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura clinostyla Hippa et al., 1998
collina (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura collina Hippa et al., 1998
conica (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura conica Hippa et al., 1998
coniciformis (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura coniciformis Hippa et al., 1998
consilia (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura consilia Hippa et al., 1998
constricta (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura constricta Hippa et al., 1998
coronicornis (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura coronicornis Hippa et al., 1998
crassichaeta (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura crassichaeta Hippa et al., 1998
crinita (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura crinita Hippa et al., 1998
cucarisi (Lane, 1960) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Plastosciara cucarisi Lane, 1960
dactylica (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura dactylica Hippa et al., 1998
delicia (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura delicia Hippa et al., 1998
denticula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura denticula Hippa et al., 1998
epsilon (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura epsilon Hippa et al., 1998
excisa (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura excisa Hippa et al., 1998
expedita (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura expedita Hippa et al., 1998
flagelloparva (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura flagelloparva Hippa et al., 1998
foveola (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura foveola Hippa et al., 1998
ghanaensis (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura ghanaensis Hippa et al., 1998
gigas (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura gigas Hippa et al., 1998
index (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura index Hippa et al., 1998
indotata (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura indotata Hippa et al., 1998
integra (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura integra Hippa et al., 1998
intermedia (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura intermedia Hippa et al., 1998
kirkspriggsi (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura kirkspriggsi Hippa et al., 1998
lagena (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura lagena Hippa et al., 1998
latidactyla (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura latidactyla Hippa et al., 1998
prominula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura prominula Hippa et al., 1998
protrusa (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura protrusa Hippa et al., 1998
quadrifalx (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura quadrifalx Hippa et al., 1998
redunca (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura redunca Hippa et al., 1998
sagitta (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura sagitta Hippa et al., 1998
senticosa (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura senticosa Hippa et al., 1998
spicicauda (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura spicicauda Hippa et al., 1998
torula (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura torula Hippa et al., 1998
trichodactyla (Hippa, Vilkamaa & Heinakroon, 1998) (Cratyna (Cratyna)), comb. n. hitherto Pseudozygoneura trichodactyla Hippa et al., 1998
acutum (Mohrig, 2003) (Euricrium), comb. n.
alboantennatum (Lane, 1946) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura alboantennata Lane, 1946
bolivianum (Edwards, 1934) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura boliviana Edwards, 1934
fasciatellum (Enderlein, 1911) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygomma fasciatellum Enderlein, 1911
freemani (Lane, 1955) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura freemani Lane, 1955
glaberrimum (Edwards, 1934) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura glaberrima Edwards, 1934
modicum (Mohrig, 2003) (Euricrium), comb. n.
pernitidum (Edwards, 1914) (Euricrium), comb. n.
suspiciosum (Mohrig, 2003) (Euricrium), comb. n.
transversale (Edwards, 1934) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Malpiria transversalis Edwards, 1934
varians (Lane, 1955) (Euricrium), comb. n. hitherto Zygoneura varians Lane, 1955
fulgescens Enderlein, 1911 (Lycoria), syn. n. of Euricrium ruebsaameni Enderlein, 1911
bicolorata (Lengersdorf, 1930) (Metangela), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia bicolorata lengersdorf, 1930
spinata Lane, 1955 (Metangela), stat. rev. hitherto a synonym of Metangela calliptera Rübsaamen
barrettoi (Lane, 1960) (Plastosciara), syn. n. of Cratyna (Cratyna) boracensis Lane, 1960
downsi (Lane, 1960) (Plastosciara), syn. n. of Cratyna (Cratyna) curarisi Lane, 1960
aitkeni Lane, 1959 (Pseudosciara), syn. n. of Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara) forceps (Pettey, 1918)
Pseudosciarella Mohrig & Menzel, 2014 (Pseudosciara), subgen. n.
antunesi (Lane, 1946) (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia antunesi Lane, 1946
helleri Menzel, 2014 (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), nom. n. pro Sciara debilis Williston, 1896, nec Sciara debilis Winnertz, 1867
pubescens (Morgante, 1969) (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia pubescens Morgante, 1969
ribeiroi (Lane, 1955) (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), comb. n. hitherto Trichosia ribeiroi Lane, 1955 and erroneously placed into the genus Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911
willistoni Menzel, 2014 (Pseudosciara (Pseudosciara)), nom. n. pro Sciara concinna Williston, 1896, nec Sciara concinna Winnertz, 1867
blandula (Lengersdorf, 1944) (Sciara), comb. n. hitherto Lycoria blandula Lengersdorf, 1944
leucacrocera (Enderlein, 1911) (Sciara), comb. n. hitherto Apelmocreagris leucacrocera Enderlein, 1911
Mapiria Edwards, 1934 (Sciaridae), syn. n. of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911
Muhabbetiola Koçak, 2009 (Sciaridae), syn. n. of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911
Zygomma Enderlein, 1911 (Sciaridae), syn. n. of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911
laticornis (Walker, 1857) (Trichomegalosphys), comb. n.
